哪些胶囊制剂不可掰开服用？
正常情况下，胶囊剂应使用温开水整粒吞服, 不建议将胶囊拆开。1.肠溶胶囊：不可咀嚼，也不可倾出小颗粒服用，有些药品说明书甚至提及不能洒在食物上或混在饮料中，如把这种胶囊剥开服用，会降低甚至失去药效，还会使药物在胃部被溶解，无法抵达肠道起效，有时还会刺激胃黏膜。例如：奥美拉唑肠溶胶囊、盐酸度洛西汀肠溶胶囊、红霉素肠溶胶囊等。2.缓控释胶囊：缓控释胶囊不仅能使血药浓度平稳，还可以减少患者服药次数，方便慢性疾病患者长期用药。由于特殊的制剂工艺，大多数缓控释制剂不可以掰开、咀嚼或碾碎服用。一旦分割后服用，维持药物发挥缓控释作用的结构将被破坏，药物会迅速释放出来，引起体内药物浓度骤然上升，甚至造成药物中毒。比如布洛芬缓释胶囊掰开服用可引起胃黏膜损伤，严重者可能导致消化性溃疡、出血及穿孔。非洛地平缓释胶囊、硝苯地平缓释胶囊等，如果掰开服用，可引起致命的低血压。3.软胶囊：这种胶囊里面一般是油溶性的液体药物，主要是包裹不良气味，患者一般掰开后很难下咽，例如丁苯酞软胶囊。4.其他胶囊：对于大部分的胶囊制剂，其内在的药物有规定的剂量，剥开后容易损失药粉，导致服用剂量不准确，或者很容易就黏附在患者的口腔或者食道中，减少进入胃肠道的药量，导致局部受损或者药物无效，均不利于疾病的治疗。如：塞来昔布胶囊说明书提及该药可能引起致命的胃肠道事件，如果拆开服用，可能会增加胃肠道事件不良反应发生的风险。
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